This is what we might call a collective harm problem, where the acts of many together lead to harmful outcomes, but no ...

But Washington's philosophy of racial uplift was bitterly opposed by some African American intellectuals, most notably W.E.B. Du Bois. In 1903, Du Bois published the essay, "Of Mr. Booker T.

Fortunately, it is not the only way of responding to the challenge. African philosophers have a different way of looking at it. Individual contributions are not pointless Studies assessing public ...